Michael B Gotway MD1 and Yasmeen M Butt MD2
1Departments of Radiology and 2Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomic Pathology
Mayo Clinic-Arizona
Scottsdale, Arizona USA
History of Present Illness
A 50-year-old woman presents with a history of chronic dyspnea and cough, becoming particularly problematic following COVID-19 infection 4 months prior to presentation. While she did experience significant periodic oxygen desaturations during her COVID-19 infection, she was not hospitalized for this illness. The patient also reported wheezing in the previous few weeks.
Past Medical History, Family History and Social History
The patient’s past medical history was also notable for gastroesophageal reflux disease as well as both Coombs positive and iron deficiency anemia. She reports a history of asthma, well controlled with inhaler use.
The patient’s past surgical history included adenoidectomy, cholecystectomy, and gastric laparoscopic band placement.
Her medications included prednisone (20 mg daily), dextroamphetamine-amphetamine, furosemide, omeprazole, fluoxetine, zolpidem (Ambien), daily Bactrim, occasional Loratadine (Claritin). She also utilized an albuterol inhaler and Fluticasone-based (both Flonase and Breo Ellipta) inhalers.
The patient is a former smoker, ½ pack-per day for 26 years, having quit 11 years prior to presentation. She also reported a history of vaping (agent inhaled unclear) for 8 years, quitting 3 years earlier. She has no known allergies. She drinks alcohol socially and denied illicit drug use.
Physical Examination
The patient’s physical examination showed her temperature to be 99°F with normal pulse and respiratory rate but her blood pressure elevated at 160/90 mmHg. She was obese (263 lbs., BMI= 41). Bilateral basal rales were noted at her examination, but no other abnormal physical examination findings were detected.
Laboratory Evaluation
The patient’s room air pulse oximetry was 85%. A complete blood count showed an upper normal white blood cell count at 1.9 x109/L (normal, 4.5 – 11 x109/L). Her hemoglobin and hematocrit values were 10.7 gm/dL (normal, 12 – 16 gm/dL) and 37.1% (normal, 36 – 46%). The patient’s serum chemistries and liver function studies were entirely normal. The patient had an elevated anti-nuclear antibody titer at 1:320. An echocardiogram noted diastolic dysfunction but normal left ventricular contractility.
Frontal chest radiography (Figure 1) was performed.
Figure 1. Frontal chest radiography.
Which of the following statements regarding this chest radiograph is accurate? (Click on the correct answer to be directed to the second of 11 pages)
- Frontal chest radiography shows normal findings
- Frontal chest radiography shows marked cardiomegaly
- Frontal chest radiography shows mediastinal lymphadenopathy
- Frontal chest radiography shows pleural effusion
- Frontal chest radiography shows multifocal peribronchial consolidation