Who Should be Leading Healthcare for the COVID-19 Pandemic?

The recent COVID-19 pandemic brought to mind the Oscar Wilde quote, “An expert is an ordinary man away from home giving advice” (1). COVID-19 advice has flooded my inbox and dominated news coverage on television, in print and electronically. Everyone from the President to the hospital secretary seems to think they are qualified to offer advice on COVID-19 prevention and care. I admit to not being an expert on COVID-19 because I am not a virologist. However, despite retiring from the ICU in 2011, I think I know quite a bit about caring for sick patients with pneumonia having done it for over 30 years. For my part, and for many of my colleagues, the non-solicited, non-expert advice offered from these sources should be returned and the sender instructed to place it in that recess of the body most protected from sunlight.

The US government has not provided outstanding leadership during this pandemic. The President and CDC were both initially slow to respond and sometimes issued confusing or contradictory statements (2,3). Occasionally they were just wrong. The news media contributed to the confusion by reporting what was at times nonsense. All would be better off if we followed the guidance of someone like the NIH’s Dr. Tony Fauci who has said the right things while walking a political tightrope of gently contradicting the President.

Most hospitals have not done much better than the White House. I am overwhelmed with advice and sometimes pronouncements that claim to be evidence- or CDC-based. Sometimes they are-sometimes not. These are usually from a non- or minimally qualified administrator lacking medical expertise. We now hear reports that administrators are trying to direct health care providers not to wear personal protective equipment (PPE, masks, goggles, booties, etc.) in hallways or forbidding physicians and nurses from bringing their own PPE from home (4,5).

The hospitals give a variety of reasons for their actions, from conservation of PPE to the belief that it scares patients. Conservation of PPE is good idea. However, having someone change their mask every time they see a potential or a confirmed COVID-19 means using lots of masks while wearing one mask all day would help to conserve. Scaring patients is not good but unnecessarily exposing healthcare providers is worse. In Italy and Spain healthcare workers make up a disproportionately high number of cases (6-7). It is now thought that the hospital may be a primary source of infection and that the lack of doctors and nurses is impairing healthcare (6-8). Patients should be frightened and even more so when someone enters their room without a mask.

Although dealing with this crisis is the first priority, we need to ask ourselves at some point how could the US be so unprepared. We saw what a surge in ICU patients could do with the H1N1 influenza pandemic of 2009 leaving ICU beds and ventilators in short supply (9). In the 11 years since that time, the country did little to nothing. Where are the ventilators, the PPE and the medical personnel we now need?

Healthcare planning and emergency preparation have been done by non-medical people who now must take responsibility for our lack of preparedness. Those same people are now trying to direct care. They should back away and let those best able to deal with the present catastrophe provide the care. In the future we should ask what role they should play in planning for a National healthcare emergency. Will those planning be more concerned about allocating monies for future healthcare emergencies or another purpose? Perhaps we should have the planning done by those more knowledgeable and more concerned for the American people.

Richard A. Robbins, MD

Editor, SWJPCC

References

1. Guernsey L. Suddenly, everybody's an expert. NY Times. February 3, 2020. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/03/technology/suddenly-everybody-s-an-expert.html (accessed 3/27/20).
2. Edwards HS.  The Trump administration fumbled its initial response to coronavirus. Is there enough time to fix it? Time. March 19,2020. Available at: https://time.com/5805683/trump-administration-coronavirus/ (accessed 3/27/20).
3. Chen C, Allen M, Churchill L. Internal emails show how chaos at the CDC slowed the early response to coronavirus. ProPublica. March 26, 2020. Available at: https://www.propublica.org/article/internal-emails-show-how-chaos-at-the-cdc-slowed-the-early-response-to-coronavirus (accessed 3/27/20).
4. Ault A. Amid PPE shortage, clinicians face harassment, firing for self-care. Medscape. March 26, 2020. Available at: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/927590?nlid=134683_5461&src=wnl_dne_200327_mscpedit&uac=9273DT&impID=2325986&faf=1#vp_3 (accessed 3/27/20).
5. Whitman E. 'Taking masks off our faces': how Arizona hospitals are rationing protective gear. Available at: https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/news/arizona-hospitals-rationing-masks-protective-gear-banner-11459400 (accessed 3/27/20).
6. Van Beusekom M. Doctors: COVID-19 pushing Italian ICUs toward collapse. Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, March 16, 2020. Available at: http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/03/doctors-covid-19-pushing-italian-icus-toward-collapse (accessed 3/27/20).
7. Jones S. Spain: doctors struggle to cope as 514 die from coronavirus in a day. The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/24/spain-doctors-lack-protection-coronavirus-covid-19 (accessed 3/27/20).
8. Begley S. A plea from doctors in Italy: To avoid Covid-19 disaster, treat more patients at home. Stat. March 22, 2020. Available at: https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/21/coronavirus-plea-from-italy-treat-patients-at-home/ (accessed 3/27/20).
9. Levey NN, Christensen K, Phillips AM. A disaster foretold: Shortages of ventilators and other medical supplies have long been warned about. LA Times. March 20, 2020. Available at: https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-03-20/disaster-foretold-shortages-ventilators-medical-supplies-warned-about (accessed 3/27/20).

Cite as: Robbins RA. Who should be leading healthcare for the COVID-19 pandemic? Southwest J Pulm Crit Care. 2020;20(3):103-4. doi: https://doi.org/10.13175/swjpcc021-20 PDF 

Fatiga de enfermeras, el sueño y la salud, y garantizar la seguridad del paciente y del publico: Unir dos idiomas

Carol M. Baldwin, PhD, RN, AHN-BC, FAAN

Edson College of Nursing & Health Innovation, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre to Advance the Policy on Research for Health, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ

Stuart F. Quan, MD, FAASM

Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Asthma and Airways Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ

Editor's Note: The following editorial is in both Spanish and English with the Spanish first. It refers to the article published in Spanish "Declaración de posición: Reducir la fatiga asociada con la deficiencia de sueño y las horas de trabajo en enfermeras". There is a link in the article to the original English version published in Nursing Oulook in 2017.

“Ahora ... tráeme ese horizonte” - Capitán Jack Sparrow

Estas palabras, pronunciadas por Capitán Jack Sparrow al final de Piratas del Caribe, presagian un nuevo comienzo, una aventura, un potencial en expansión. Así, también, con el Southwest Journal of Pulmonary and Critical Care. La revista está ampliando sus horizontes con la publicación de artículos de investigación y comentarios en español para desarrollar relaciones con investigadores de pulmón, cuidados críticos y sueño en todo el continente americano. Esta primera publicación en español, “Declaración de posición: reducir la fatiga asociada con la deficiencia de sueño y las horas de trabajo en enfermeras,” por Caruso y sus colegas, es una reimpresión traducida por los Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional (CDC NIOSH). Si bien el contenido es específico para las enfermeras, las implicaciones para la fatiga y la deficiencia del sueño son relevantes para otros proveedores de servicios de salud, personal de primera respuesta y profesiones y organizaciones adicionales que requieren turnos y horarios extendidos en todo el mundo. Dada la epidemia mundial de deficiencia de sueño, que es especialmente generalizada en las sociedades modernas, este documento debería ser un ejemplo para otras profesiones de la salud. (1) Se puede acceder a la versión en inglés de esta Declaración de posición en la cita a continuación. (2) La versión en español publicada en esta revista será la primera incursión en una "conversación" con nuestros colegas de habla hispana. Ahora ... ¡tráeme ese nuevo horizonte SWJPCC!

Referencias

1. Chattu VK, Sakhamuri SM, Kumar R, Spence DW, BaHammam AS, Pandi-Perumal SR. Insufficient Sleep Syndrome: Is it time to classify it as a major noncommunicable disease? Sleep Sci. 2018 Mar-Apr;11(2):56-64.
2. Caruso CC, Baldwin CM, Berger A, Chasens ER, Landis C, Redeker NS, et al. (2017). Position statement: Reducing fatigue associated with sleep deficiency and work hours in nurses. Nurs Outlook 2017;65:766-768.

Carol M. Baldwin y Stuart F. Quan desean reconocer a Gerardo (Jerry) González, Oficina de Relaciones con los Medios, Universidad Estatal de Arizona por su cuidadosa revisión y comentarios para la versión en español de este editorial.

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Nurse Fatigue, Sleep, and Health, and Ensuring Patient and Public Safety: Bringing Two Languages Together

Carol M. Baldwin, PhD, RN, AHN-BC, FAAN

Edson College of Nursing & Health Innovation, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre to Advance the Policy on Research for Health, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ

Stuart F. Quan, MD, FAASM

Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Asthma and Airways Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ

“Now... bring me that horizon” – Captain Jack Sparrow

These words, uttered by Captain Jack Sparrow at the close of Pirates of the Caribbean, presage a new beginning, an adventure, expanding potential. So, too, with the Southwest Journal of Pulmonary and Critical Care (SWJPCC). The journal is broadening its horizons with the publication of Spanish-language research and commentary articles to grow relationships with pulmonary, critical care and sleep researchers throughout the Americas. This first Spanish-language publication, “Position statement: Reducing fatigue associated with sleep deficiency and work hours in nurses,” by Caruso and colleagues is a reprint translated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (CDC NIOSH). While the content is specific to nurses, the implications for fatigue and sleep deficiency are relevant to other health providers, first responders, professions and organizations that require shift work and extended shift hours across the globe. Given the worldwide epidemic of sleep deficiency, which is especially pervasive in modern societies, this document should be an exemplar for other health professions. (1) The English version of this Position Statement can be accessed at the citation below. (2) The Spanish version published in this journal will be the first foray into a ‘parley’ with our Spanish-speaking colleagues. Now... bring me that new SWJPCC horizon!

References

1. Chattu VK, Sakhamuri SM, Kumar R, Spence DW, BaHammam AS, Pandi-Perumal SR. Insufficient Sleep Syndrome: Is it time to classify it as a major noncommunicable disease? Sleep Sci. 2018 Mar-Apr;11(2):56-64.
2. Caruso CC, Baldwin CM, Berger A, Chasens ER, Landis C, Redeker NS, et al. (2017). Position statement: Reducing fatigue associated with sleep deficiency and work hours in nurses. Nurs Outlook 2017;65:766-768.

Carol M. Baldwin and Stuart F. Quan wish to respectfully acknowledge Gerardo (Jerry) Gonzalez, Office of Media Relations, Arizona State University for his careful review and comments for the Spanish-language version of this editorial.

Cite as: Baldwin CM, Quan SF. Fatiga de enfermeras, el sueño y la salud, y garantizar la seguridad del paciente y del publico: unir dos idiomas. Southwest J Pulm Crit Care. 2019;19:175-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.13175/swjpcc076-19 PDF