September 2019 Arizona Thoracic Society Notes

The September 2019 Arizona Thoracic Society meeting was held on Wednesday, September 18, 2019 at the Banner University Medical Center Phoenix beginning at 6:00PM. There were 16 in attendance representing the pulmonary, critical care, sleep, radiology communities.

An announcement was made that cases of acute lung injury suspected of being secondary to vaping should be reported to Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) or to the State Department of Health (602-364-3587).

There were 3 case presentations:

1. Warren Carll DO, a second-year pulmonary fellow from the Mayo Clinic Arizona, presented a case of a 26-year-old man who complained of a 4-month history of hemoptysis. He had a past medical history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and frequent eye infections. His hemoptysis was up to ½ cup per day and he presented to the Mayo Clinic emergency room when he became frustrated that his outpatient work up was proceeding slowly. Physical examination showed erythematous and injected conjunctiva. His thoracic CT scan showed bilateral ground glass opacities with areas showing a reverse halo sign. Bronchoscopy showed only an increased number of neutrophils on the bronchoalveolar lavage. Laboratory evaluation showed positive cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (cANCA) at 1:1024 and a proteinase 3 (PR3) of >8U (normal <1). A diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly called Wegener's granulomatosis) was made and the patient responded to corticosteroids and was discharged with a plan for rituximab as an outpatient. Dr. Kevin Leslie discussed the pathology of GPA and pointed out that it is a capillaritis and despite the name well-formed, sarcoid-like granulomas are rarely seen.
2. Kurt Olson MD, a third-year pulmonary fellow at the University of Arizona Phoenix presented a 52-year-old woman who complained of progressive dyspnea and a dry cough for 2 years. She had a past medical history of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Thoracic CT scan showed bronchiectasis with fibrosis most prominent in the lower lungs and an enlarged esophagus. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-Scl-70 (also known as antitopoisomerase 1) were both positive. Discussion centered around a recent report in the New England Journal of Medicine showing that nintedanib slowed the rate of decline in the forced vital capacity in scleroderma (1)
3. Dr. Lewis Wesselius presented a 51-year-old immunocompromised host from a heart transplant who presented with a week long history of increasing shortness of breath. His chest X-ray was unremarkable but his SpO2 was found to be decreased.  However, a thoracic CT scan showed ground glass opacities with peripheral sparing. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage was negative for infection. His chest x-ray worsened over 3 days and he was treated with high dose corticosteroids, however, he continued to decline. At about this time it was discovered he had been vaping cannabinoid oil. He gradually improved and his chest x-ray cleared. However, on outpatient follow-up he still had a decreased exercise capacity and his DLco was decreased on pulmonary function testing.

Steve Tseng DO, a third-year fellow at University of Arizona Phoenix, presented a summary of the experience at Banner University Medical Center Phoenix of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using endobronchial valves. To date they have treated over 50 patients with about 50% showing an improvement in FEV1 of >15% after 3-6 months.

The meeting was adjourned about 8:00PM. The next meeting will be in about 2 months with location and time to be announced.

Reference

1. Distler O, Highland KB, Gahlemann M, et al. Nintedanib for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jun 27;380(26):2518-28. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Cite as: Arizona Thoracic Society. September 2019 Arizona thoracic society notes. Southwest J Pulm Crit Care. 2019;19(3):99-100. doi: https://doi.org/10.13175/swjpcc059-19 PDF 

November 2014 Arizona Thoracic Society Notes

The November 2014 Arizona Thoracic Society meeting was held on Wednesday, November 19, 2014 at the Scottsdale Shea Hospital beginning at 6:30 PM. This was a dinner meeting with case presentations. There were about 30 in attendance representing the pulmonary, critical care, sleep, pathology and radiology communities. Jud Tillinghast was nominated as the Arizona Thoracic Society physician of the year.

Three cases were presented:

1. George Parides presented a case of a 70-year-old woman with a 3 areas of ground glass picked up incidentally on CT scan. She had some wheezing. A needle biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma.  The biopsy and radiologic pattern were consistent with adenocarcinoma in situ or minimally invasive adenocarcinoma. Discussion centered around treatment. Most felt that if the areas could be removed that surgical resection was indicated (1).
2. Lewis Wesselius presented a 60-year-old man with Marfan's syndrome and a history of an aortic valve replacement on chronic anticoagulation with a thyroid papillary carcinoma. The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy. Post-operatively he developed a large mass-like area in the right lower lung. It was unclear whether this was in the lung parenchymal or in the pleural space. A preliminary differential diagnosis of abscess, parenchymal hemorrhage or pleural hemorrhage was made. His INR was in the appropriate therapeutic range. A chest tube was placed with minimal drainage and no change in the radiographic appearance. Video-assisted thorascopic surgery (VATS) was performed and a large intraparenchymal hematoma was found which was removed. A review of the literature revealed a small number of reports of spontaneous intraparenchymal hemorrhages but none associated with Marfan's (2,3).
3. Jasminder Mand presented a case of an asymptomatic 66-year-old man with inspiratory crackles and a mildly reduced diffusing capacity on pulmonary function testing. He had a past minimal smoking history. His CT scan showed areas of ground glass and reticulation surrounding of septal emphysema. An open lung biopsy was performed which was consistent with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). The patient raised the question of whether he should be treated with nintedanib or pirfenidone. There was disagreement amongst the audience with some favoring treatment while others favored following the patient.

There being no further business the meeting was adjourned about 8:00 PM. There is no meeting in December. The next meeting will be Phoenix on Wednesday, January, 6:30 PM at Scottsdale Shea Hospital.

Richard A. Robbins, MD

References

1. Tsushima Y, Suzuki K, Watanabe S, Kusumoto M, Tsuta K, Matsuno Y, Asamura H. Multiple lung adenocarcinomas showing ground-glass opacities on thoracic computed tomography. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;82(4):1508-10. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2. Riachy M, Mal H, Taillé C, Dauriat G, Groussard O, Cazals-Hatem D, Biondi G, Fournier M. Non-traumatic pulmonary haematoma complicating oral anticoagulation therapy. Respirology. 2007;12(4):614-6. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. Chakraborty AK, Dreisin RB. Pulmonary hematoma secondary to anticoagulant therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96(1):67-9. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Reference as: Robbins RA. November 2014 Arizona thoracic society notes. Southwest J Pulm Crit Care. 2014;9(5):289-90. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13175/swjpcc153-14 PDF